Apology Strategies in the Target Language (English) of Israeli-Arab EFL College Students Towards Their Lecturers of English Who are also Native Speakers of Arabic

Tareq Mitaib Murad

Abstract


This paper investigates the apology strategies used by Israeli Arab EFL college students in the target language, English toward their lecturers of English who are also Arab native speakers. Analysis of the apology strategies were based on strategies developed by a number of researchers (Owen, 1983; Blum-Kulka & Olshtain, 1984; Trasborg, 1987; Hussein & Hamouri, 1998). It is based on 42 apology e-mails sent by the students to three Arab lectures of English in the college. These e-mails were written in English. 240 apology utterances were performed in these messages. Frequencies and percentages are considered. The findings of the study reveal that the main apology strategy used by the students is “expression of apology”. This strategy consists of three sub-strategies: Expression of regret, offer of apology and request for forgiveness. The next frequent apology strategy used is “Acknowledgement of responsibility” which includes five sub-categories: explicit acknowledgement, expression of lack of intent, expression of self-deficiency, expression of embarrassment and explicit acceptance of the blame. Other strategies such as expression of concern for the hearer, offer of repair, explanation of account and others were also used, but in low frequencies.
Key words: Speech acts; Apology strategies; Israeli Arab EFL students; Target language (TL)

Keywords


Speech acts; Apology strategies; Israeli Arab EFL students; Target language (TL)

References


Al-Hami, F. (1993). Forms of apology used by Jordanian speakers: a cross cultural study (Unpublished master's thesis). University of Jordan.
Austin, J. (1962). How to do things with words. Cambridge. Mass. Harvard University Press.
Blum, K., & Olshtain, E. (1984). Requests and apologies: A cross cultural study of speech act realization patterns. Applied Linguistics, (5), 196-213.
Brown, P., & Levinson, B. (1987). Politeness: some universals in language usage. Cambridge University Press, London.
Cohen, A. D., & Olshtain, E. (1981). Developing a measure of sociolinguistic competence: the case of apology. Language learning, 31(1), 113-134.
Fahmi, Ruba, & Fahmi, Rula (2006). Apology strategies of Jordanian EFL University students. Journal of Pragmatics, 38, 1901-1927.
Fraser, B. (1981). On apologizing. In F. Coulmas (Ed.), Conversational routines. The Hague: Mouton.
Goffman, E. (1967). International ritual: essays on face-to-face behavior. New York: Double Day Anchor Books.
Grice, H. P. (1975). Logic and conversation. In Cole (Ed.), Syntax and semantics: Speech acts. New York: Academic press.
Holmes, J. (1990). Apologies in New Zealand English. Language in society, 155-199.
Hossein, R., & Hamouri, M. T. (1998). Strategies of apology in Jordanian Arabic And American English. Grazer Linguistics studien, 49, 37-51.
Johnson, K. (1982). Communicative Syllabus Design and Methodology. Oxford.
Lakoff, R. (1977). What you can do with words: Politeness, pragmatics and Performatives. In: A. B. Rogers, & J. Morphy (Eds.), Proceeding of the Texas Conference on performatives, presuppositions and implicature. Arlington, va: Center for Applied Linguistics, 79 -105.
Lee, O. S. (2004). The case of apology: Comparison between Korean and Japanese as NNS. Retrieved, March, 13, 2011. From: www. Paaljapan. Org/resources/proceedings/PAAL8/pdf052.pdf
House & Gabriel Kasper (Eds). Cross-cultural pragmatics. Norwood, NJ, Albex, 155-173.
Olshtain, E., & Cohen, A. (1983). Apology: a speech act set. In N. E. J. Wolfson (Ed.). Sociopragmatics and language acquisition. Newbury-House, Rowley, MA: 18-36.
Owen, M. (1983). Apologies and remedial interchanges: a study of language in social iinteraction. Berlin.
Searle, J. (1969). Speech acts in the philosophy of language. Cambridge: Cambridge University press.
Trosborg, A. (1987). Apology strategies in native/non-native-English. Journal of Pragmatics, (11), 67-97.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/n

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c)



Share us to:   

 

Online Submission: http://cscanada.org/index.php/sll/submission/wizard


Reminder

How to do online submission to another Journal?

If you have already registered in Journal A, then how can you submit another article to Journal B? It takes two steps to make it happen:

1. Register yourself in Journal B as an Author

Find the journal you want to submit to in CATEGORIES, click on “VIEW JOURNAL”, “Online Submissions”, “GO TO LOGIN” and “Edit My Profile”. Check “Author” on the “Edit Profile” page, then “Save”.

2. Submission

Go to “User Home”, and click on “Author” under the name of Journal B. You may start a New Submission by clicking on “CLICK HERE”.


We only use three mailboxes as follows to deal with issues about paper acceptance, payment and submission of electronic versions of our journals to databases: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

 Articles published in Studies in Literature and Language are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY).

 STUDIES IN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE Editorial Office

Address: 1055 Rue Lucien-L'Allier, Unit #772, Montreal, QC H3G 3C4, Canada.
Telephone: 1-514-558 6138 
Website: Http://www.cscanada.net; Http://www.cscanada.org 
E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

Copyright © 2010 Canadian Academy of Oriental and Occidental Culture