Studies in Literature and Language
Cultivating Foreign Language Learners’ Critical Thinking Skills in a Flipped Model
Abstract
Despite a shift of learning approaches to the flipped model and rich studies on CT skills, there lack some attempts of training CT skills in this new way of learning. This study adopted a quasi-experiment design to test the effect of cultivating foreign language learners’ critical thinking in a flipped model. Research findings showed a significant increase in students’ CT skills in the experiment group, especially in three key component sub-skills, analysis, inference and deduction. Pedagogical implications were offered as to the way of explicitly training students’ CT skills.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abrami, P. C., Bernard, R. M., Borokhovski, E., Wade, A., Surkes, M. A., Tamim, R., & Zhang, D. (2008). Instructional interventions affecting CT skills and dispositions: A stage 1 meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 78(4), 1102-1134. Doi: 10.3102/0034654308326084
Abrami, P. C., Bernard, R.M., Borokhovski, E., Waddington, D., Wade, A., & Persson, T. (2015). Strategies for teaching students to think critically: A meta-analysis. Review of Education Research, 85(2), 275-314. Doi: 10.3102/0034654314551063
Alnofaie, H. (2013). A framework for implementing critical thinking as a language pedagogy in EFL preparatory programs. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 10, 154-158. Doi: 10.1016/j.tsc.2013.09.002
Angeli, C., & Valanides, N. (2009). Instructional effects on CT: Performance on ill-defined issues. Learning and Instruction, 19 (4), 322-334. Doi: 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2008.06.010
Arum, R., & Roksa, J. (2011). Academically adrift: Limited learning on college campuses. University of Chicago Press.
Atkinson, D. (1997). A critical approach to critical thinking in TESOL. TESOL Quarterly, 31(1), 71-94. Doi: 10.2307/3587668
Bernard, R. M., Borokhovski, E., Schmid, R. F., Tamim, R. M., & Abrami, P. C. (2014). A meta-analysis of blended learning and technology use in higher education: From the general to the applied. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 26(1), 87-122. Doi: 10.1007/s12528-013-9077-3
Dwyer, C. P. (2017). To teach or not to teach critical thinking: A reply to Hubner and Kuncel. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 26, 92-95. Doi: 10.1016/j.tsc.2017.08.002
Dwyer, C. P. Hogan, M. J., & Stewart, I. (2014). An integrated CT framework for the 21st century. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 12, 43-52. Doi: 10.1016/j.tsc.2013.12.004
Ennis, R. H. & Norris. S. (1989). Evaluating critical thinking. California, Pacific Grove: Midwest Publications.
Ennis, R. H. (1987). Taxonomy of critical thinking dispositions and abilities. In J. B. Baron and R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), Teaching thinking skills: Theory and practice. New York, NY: W. H. Freeman.
Facione, P. A., Facione, N. C. (1998). CCTST Test Manual. California Academic Press.
Halpern, D. F. (1997). Thought and knowledge: An introduction to critical thinking. Hillsdale, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Huang, C. (2010). Strengthening Critical Thinking, Cultivating Creative Talents. Educational Research, 5, 69-74.
Huang, Y. (1998). The Deficiency of Critical Thinking. Foreign Languages and Foreign Language Teaching, 7, 18-19.
Huber, C. R. & Kuncel. N. R. (2016). Does College teach critical thinking? A meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 86 (2), 431-468. Doi: 10.3102/0034654315605917
Kadir, M. A. A. (2017). What teacher knowledge matters in effectively developing critical thinkers in the 21st century curriculum? Thinking Skills and Creativity, 23, 79-90. Doi: 10.1016/j.tsc.2016.10.011
Kong, S. C. (2015). An experience of a three-year study on the development of critical thinking skills in flipped secondary classrooms with pedagogical and technological support. Computers & Education, 89, 16-31. Doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2015.08.017
Lage, M. J., Platt, G. J., & Treglia, M. (2000). Inverting the classroom: A gateway to creating an inclusive learning environment. The Journal of Economic Education, 31(1), 30-43. Doi: 10.1080/00220480009596759
Luo, Q., & Yang, X. (2002). A preliminary modification of CCTST. Journal of Psychological Science, 6, 740-741. Doi: 10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.2002.06.033
McCormick, N. J., Clark, L. M., & Raines, J. M. (2015). Engaging Students in critical thinking and Problem Solving: A Brief Review of the Literature. Journal of Studies in Education, 5(4), 100-113. Doi: 10.5296/jse.v5i4.8249
McLaughlin, J. E., Roth, M. T., Glatt, D. M., Gharkholonarehe, N., Davidson, C. A., Griffin, L. M., & Mumper, R. J. (2014). The flipped classroom: A course redesign to foster learning and engagement in a health professions school. Academic Medicine, 89(2), 236-243. Doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000086
Tehrani, H. T., & Razali, A. B. (2018). Developing Thinking Skills in Teaching English as a Second/Foreign Language at Primary School. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 7 (4), 13-29. Doi: 10.6007/IJARPED/v7-i4/4755
Willingham, D. T. (2008). Critical thinking: Why is it so hard to teach?. Arts Education Policy Review, 109 (4), 21-32. Doi: 10.3200/AEPR.109.4.21-32
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/12416
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 Liu Xiao Qing
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Share us to: 
Online Submission: http://cscanada.org/index.php/sll/submission/wizard
Reminder
How to do online submission to another Journal?
If you have already registered in Journal A, then how can you submit another article to Journal B? It takes two steps to make it happen:
1. Register yourself in Journal B as an Author
Find the journal you want to submit to in CATEGORIES, click on “VIEW JOURNAL”, “Online Submissions”, “GO TO LOGIN” and “Edit My Profile”. Check “Author” on the “Edit Profile” page, then “Save”.
2. Submission
Go to “User Home”, and click on “Author” under the name of Journal B. You may start a New Submission by clicking on “CLICK HERE”.
We only use three mailboxes as follows to deal with issues about paper acceptance, payment and submission of electronic versions of our journals to databases: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
Articles published in Studies in Literature and Language are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (CC-BY).
STUDIES IN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE Editorial Office
Address: 1055 Rue Lucien-L'Allier, Unit #772, Montreal, QC H3G 3C4, Canada.
Telephone: 1-514-558 6138
Website: Http://www.cscanada.net; Http://www.cscanada.org
E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
Copyright © 2010 Canadian Academy of Oriental and Occidental Culture 
